The choice of material determines the fastener’s tensile strength (how much pull it can take) and corrosion resistance.
Carbon Steel: The most common material.
- Low Carbon: General purpose, non-critical applications.
- Medium Carbon (Grade 8.8 / 10.9): Heat-treated for high-strength industrial use.
- Alloy Steel (Grade 12.9): Highest strength, used in heavy machinery and automotive engines.
Stainless Steel: For environments exposed to moisture or chemicals.
- A2 (304 Grade): Standard “18/8” stainless, excellent for general outdoor use.
- A4 (316 Grade): “Marine Grade,” contains molybdenum to resist salt-water corrosion.
Non-Ferrous Metals:
- Brass/Copper: Used for electrical conductivity or aesthetic purposes.
- Aluminum: Lightweight and corrosion-resistant, often used in aerospace.
| Product Type | DIN Standard | ISO Equivalent |
| Hexagon Head Bolt | DIN 931 (Partial Thread) | ISO 4014 |
| Hexagon Head Bolt | DIN 933 (Full Thread) | ISO 4017 |
| Socket Cap Screw | DIN 912 | ISO 4762 |
| Nyloc Nut | DIN 985 | ISO 10511 |
| Plain Washer | DIN 125 | ISO 7089 |
